Para quem tem dificuldade em diferenciar o Present perfect do Simple Past, vai uma dica: Quando o tempo é determinado, ou seja, quando a gente especifica quando ocorreu a ação usaremos a frase no Simple Past - ele indica que a ação foi concluída; do contrário, quando não o determinamos ou quando a ação ainda não terminou, usaremos o Present perfect com os verbos have e has. Has para He, she, it, nome ou qualquer frase no singular e o restante usará have para as demais frases no plural ou quando vierem os demais pronomes: I, you, we, they... Lembre que nas frases em que houver SINCE ou For usaremos o present perfect. Você pode aprender melhor visitando nosso prezi. Clique AQUI
Exemplos:
1. I travelled to Canada last year. ( Viajei para o Canadá no ano passado ) – simple past
2. I´ve travelled to Canada. ( Viajei para o Canadá . ) – present perfect
Então, o simple past é usado para expressar idéias concluídas no passado e o present perfect para expressar idéias no passado, mas que estão com o tempo em aberto, podendo ocorrer a qualquer tempo novamente.
I´ve travelled to Canada – Viajei para o Canadá e posso viajar novamente, desde que eu esteja vivo.
I travelled to Canada last year – Viajei para o Canadá no ano passado e nunca mais vou poder viajar para o Canadá no ano passado.
O Present perfect também quando acompanha as seguintes palavras : ever, never, alredy, yet, just.
Have you ever been to Australia ? ( Você já esteve na Austrália ? )
I have alredy finished my homework . ( Já terminei minha lição de casa )
He has never given a woman flowers. ( Ele nunca deu flores a uma mulher . ) adaptado inglêonline
1. Fill the blanks using Present Perfect:
- Karen me an e-mail. (to send)
- Dave and Pat the museum. (to visit)
- I at the pet shop. (to be)
- They already their rucksacks. (to pack)
- Marcus an accident. (to have)
2. Complete the sentences using S.Past x Pres. Perfect:
Look! I (find) this book in the library yesterday.
- Oh, I (hear) very good things about it.
- I (never, be) to Paris. How about you?
- I (be) there last year. In fact, that (be) my third time in Paris.
- Would you like to try sushi? I think you'll like it.
- Thanks. Actually I (have) sushi many times. It's my favorite dish.
Tom (study) a lot lately. He's doing very well in school. Yesterday he (study) so hard that he (fall) asleep on the desk.
I (never, see) such a beautiful view! This really is a wonderful place.
- Oh, I (hear) very good things about it.
- I (never, be) to Paris. How about you?
- I (be) there last year. In fact, that (be) my third time in Paris.
- Would you like to try sushi? I think you'll like it.
- Thanks. Actually I (have) sushi many times. It's my favorite dish.
Tom (study) a lot lately. He's doing very well in school. Yesterday he (study) so hard that he (fall) asleep on the desk.
I (never, see) such a beautiful view! This really is a wonderful place.
3. Quando usamos as expressões em destaque?
- 'Already' is a signal word for ...
- 'Just' is a signal word for ...
- '2 years ago' is a signal word for ...
- 'Yet' is a signal word for ...
- 'Yesterday' is a signal word for ...
4. Put the verbs into the correct tense (simple past or present perfect simple).
- A: I (see / not) you for a long time. Where (you / be) ?
- B: I (come / just) back from Canada.
- A: Oh really? What (you / do) in Canada?
- B: I (take) a nature tour.
- A: Wow! (you / see) many wild animals there?
- B: Of course. I (watch) bears, wolves and whales in the wild. That (be) so interesting.(you / spend / ever) a holiday in Canada?